"Do you smoke?" - "Almost no: two or three cigarettes a day." A survey in Norway, a survey shows that "almost no smoking - a habit is far from harmless.
Smoking one to four cigarettes a day three times increased risk of dying from heart attack or lung cancer. Norwegian scientists first drew attention to such inactive smokers who believe that their habit is quite acceptable and does not threaten health. So far, all studies to determine the impact of tobacco on health, which targets tobacco use in high doses - not less than a pack of cigarettes a day. Small doses of long seen (even by some doctors) non-hazardous. An article published recently in the British journal Tobacco Control, refutes this settled opinion. Participants in the survey were 23 thousand men and women aged 35 to 49 years living in Norway. 20-30 years ago, these volunteers have been screened to identify factors contributing to the risk of cardiovascular disease (number of cigarettes smoked, blood pressure, glycemia, cholesterol, obesity, etc.). Group regularly examined until 2002, recording the deaths, as well as measuring the number of cigarettes smoked, the frequency of cancer and cardiovascular diseases. The results confirm the already known truth: the death rate from cardiovascular disease is in an arithmetic, depending on tobacco consumption. The tragic relationship between lung cancer and smoking is also confirmed: among smokers who smoked a pack of cigarettes a day or more, mortality from lung cancer is much higher than the mortality rate among non-smokers - to 33-fold in men and 27-fold in women. With regard to mortality from cardiovascular diseases, the category of active smokers, it is four times higher among men and among women. But most importantly, the study found is that when supposedly harmless rate of one to four cigarettes a day for men and women die from cardiovascular disease is about three times more likely than non-smokers. For the heart, small doses of tobacco almost as harmful as big. Smoking one to four cigarettes a day, five times more deaths from lung cancer in women and three times - for men. Finally, people aged 40 years who smoked a few cigarettes a day had half as much risk their lives than non-smokers. Perhaps a study conducted by Norwegian scientists to convince politicians, educators and, of course, the people that even very moderate smoking turns risk to health.
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
Ukrainian men do not like female smokers - poll
According to a sociological study conducted by the Kiev International Institute of Sociology, Ukrainian men are negatively related to women's smoking.
It is reported that 79% of Ukrainian men in choosing a bride chose a woman who does not smoke. Woman-smoker would choose a wife, only 2% of men. 16% of men responded that they are indifferent, 3% reported that they were difficult to answer this question.
In addition, 88% of men do not believe that women who smoke are more sympathetic. These call them, only 5% of the respondents, 7% - varies with the answer. If you look at the results only among those who smoke, they relate to smoking women is almost as negative - 84% of male smokers did not believe that women who smoke, are appealing.
The study also found that 84% of men do not consider women smokers more stylish and glamorous. Agree with this, only 10% could not answer - 6%. 87% of men do not consider women who smoke are more successful. Agree with this 5%.
86% of Ukrainian men, if their wives or girlfriends smoking, we would like them to quit smoking, 6% - not like, 8% - difficult to answer. In general, the older men, the more a woman with a cigarette for them is unacceptable. In general, men in villages are set to smoke more categorical. In particular, 90% of men from the villages and 84% of men from the cities have expressed a desire for a woman to quit smoking.
"In Ukraine there is a negative attitude toward women's smoking. And it helps to reduce its level. As shown by recent studies, smoking rates among women in Ukraine in recent years has decreased markedly - from 20% in June 2005 to 13% in October of this "- said the coordinator of the Resource Center for Tobacco Control Tatiana Andreeva.
The poll was conducted from 9 to 18 October in all regions of Ukraine. The study involved 1,997 respondents in the light of the settlement, sex, age, education. In preparing this study surveyed 898 men.
It is reported that 79% of Ukrainian men in choosing a bride chose a woman who does not smoke. Woman-smoker would choose a wife, only 2% of men. 16% of men responded that they are indifferent, 3% reported that they were difficult to answer this question.
In addition, 88% of men do not believe that women who smoke are more sympathetic. These call them, only 5% of the respondents, 7% - varies with the answer. If you look at the results only among those who smoke, they relate to smoking women is almost as negative - 84% of male smokers did not believe that women who smoke, are appealing.
The study also found that 84% of men do not consider women smokers more stylish and glamorous. Agree with this, only 10% could not answer - 6%. 87% of men do not consider women who smoke are more successful. Agree with this 5%.
86% of Ukrainian men, if their wives or girlfriends smoking, we would like them to quit smoking, 6% - not like, 8% - difficult to answer. In general, the older men, the more a woman with a cigarette for them is unacceptable. In general, men in villages are set to smoke more categorical. In particular, 90% of men from the villages and 84% of men from the cities have expressed a desire for a woman to quit smoking.
"In Ukraine there is a negative attitude toward women's smoking. And it helps to reduce its level. As shown by recent studies, smoking rates among women in Ukraine in recent years has decreased markedly - from 20% in June 2005 to 13% in October of this "- said the coordinator of the Resource Center for Tobacco Control Tatiana Andreeva.
The poll was conducted from 9 to 18 October in all regions of Ukraine. The study involved 1,997 respondents in the light of the settlement, sex, age, education. In preparing this study surveyed 898 men.
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